Rabies is a serious, but preventable, viral infection that attacks the nervous system. It is most often spread when the saliva of an infected animal enters the bloodstream—generally through a bite.
While bat bites are the most common cause of rabies in the United States, many other warm-blooded animals such as dogs, cats, and raccoons can carry and transmit the virus. In rare cases, rabies has been reported from non-bite exposures, such as being exposed in labs when the virus is being handled or by breathing in infectious particles in bat caves.
Rabies vaccine recommendations
We recommend getting a rabies vaccine if:
- You have been bitten or scratched by a potentially infected animal.
- You have had close contact with a bat, even if you have not been bitten or scratched.
Consult with a nurse, doctor, or APC before scheduling a vaccine appointment
Established patients at ARC must first call our 24/7 nurse line at 512-272-4636 (512-ARC-INFO) and press “4” to determine the next best step. One of our nurses will help assess your situation and schedule an appointment if necessary.
New and established patients can also consult with an ARC doctor or advanced practice clinician (APC) through our 24/7 urgent care telemedicine app. Sign in at NormanMD.com for an on-demand virtual visit. The service is available as a no-cost benefit by some health plans or by subscription, with a one-time, monthly, or annual fee.
At your appointment, you may receive your first rabies vaccination and the entire series at ARC.
If rabies is confirmed at your visit, you will also need rabies immunoglobulin (RIG). Your ARC care team will refer you to a nearby emergency room (ER) that carries rabies RIG to ensure you receive proper care. Patients requiring RIG should begin treatment within seven days of their first rabies vaccine dose.
Understanding treatment options for rabies
Both the rabies vaccine and RIG serve different purposes in treatment. The rabies vaccine works by stimulating the immune system to produce its own antibodies, providing long-lasting protection against the virus. It is given to both patients at higher risk of encountering rabies and to patients after possible exposure. In contrast, RIG provides immediate, short-term protection by supplying ready-made antibodies. It is typically given only after known or suspected exposure, and to patients who are unvaccinated against rabies.